这是我的想法。这是一个非常简单的解决方案，并且由于我要对高度不平衡的数据集进行分类，因此它依赖于自定义精度指标（称为weightedAccuracy）。但是，如果需要，应该很容易将其扩展。
from sklearn import datasets
import pandas
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
from sklearn import cross_validation
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
def get_enhanced_confusion_matrix(actuals, predictions, labels):
""""enhances confusion_matrix by adding sensivity and specificity metrics"""
cm = confusion_matrix(actuals, predictions, labels = labels)
sensitivity = float(cm[1][1]) / float(cm[1][0]+cm[1][1])
specificity = float(cm[0][0]) / float(cm[0][0]+cm[0][1])
weightedAccuracy = (sensitivity * 0.9) + (specificity * 0.1)
return cm, sensitivity, specificity, weightedAccuracy
iris = datasets.load_iris()
x=pandas.DataFrame(iris.data, columns=['var1','var2','var3', 'var4'])
y=pandas.Series(iris.target, name='target')
response, _ = pandas.factorize(y)
xTrain, xTest, yTrain, yTest = cross_validation.train_test_split(x, response, test_size = .25, random_state = 36583)
print "building the first forest"
rf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators = 500, min_samples_split = 2, n_jobs = -1, verbose = 1)
rf.fit(xTrain, yTrain)
importances = pandas.DataFrame({'name':x.columns,'imp':rf.feature_importances_
}).sort(['imp'], ascending = False).reset_index(drop = True)
cm, sensitivity, specificity, weightedAccuracy = get_enhanced_confusion_matrix(yTest, rf.predict(xTest), [0,1])
numFeatures = len(x.columns)
rfeMatrix = pandas.DataFrame({'numFeatures':[numFeatures],
'weightedAccuracy':[weightedAccuracy],
'sensitivity':[sensitivity],
'specificity':[specificity]})
print "running RFE on %d features"%numFeatures
for i in range(1,numFeatures,1):
varsUsed = importances['name'][0:i]
print "Now using %d of %s features"%(len(varsUsed), numFeatures)
xTrain, xTest, yTrain, yTest = cross_validation.train_test_split(x[varsUsed], response, test_size = .25)
rf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators = 500, min_samples_split = 2,
n_jobs = -1, verbose = 1)
rf.fit(xTrain, yTrain)
cm, sensitivity, specificity, weightedAccuracy = get_enhanced_confusion_matrix(yTest, rf.predict(xTest), [0,1])
print("\n"+str(cm))
print('the sensitivity is %d percent'%(sensitivity * 100))
print('the specificity is %d percent'%(specificity * 100))
print('the weighted accuracy is %d percent'%(weightedAccuracy * 100))
rfeMatrix = rfeMatrix.append(
pandas.DataFrame({'numFeatures':[len(varsUsed)],
'weightedAccuracy':[weightedAccuracy],
'sensitivity':[sensitivity],
'specificity':[specificity]}), ignore_index = True)
print("\n"+str(rfeMatrix))
maxAccuracy = rfeMatrix.weightedAccuracy.max()
maxAccuracyFeatures = min(rfeMatrix.numFeatures[rfeMatrix.weightedAccuracy == maxAccuracy])
featuresUsed = importances['name'][0:maxAccuracyFeatures].tolist()
print "the final features used are %s"%featuresUsed
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