您可以将图形放置在具有其自身尺寸上下文的伪元素中：
#graphic {
position: relative;
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
}
#graphic::before {
position: absolute;
content: '';
z-index: -1;
width: 200px;
height: 50px;
background-image: url(image.jpg);
}
#graphic {
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
position: relative;
}
#graphic::before {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 200px;
height: 50px;
z-index: -1;
background-image: url(http://placehold.it/500x500/); /* Image is 500px by 500px, but only 200px by 50px is showing. */
}
<div id="graphic">lorem ipsum</div>
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